• In general FPSs require Mg or

  2022-10-08

  

  In general, FPSs require Mg2+ or Mn2+ as a cofactor for GPP and FPP synthesis. Co2+ also acts as a cofactor in EuFPSs, as in the case for PcFPS and Abies grandis FPS [29], [44]. Co2+ enhanced the activity of EuFPS1 more than the activity of EuFPS2: Mg2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ had approximately the same effe

• Sperm exocytosis or acrosome reaction AR is a

  2022-10-08

  

  Sperm exocytosis or acrosome reaction (AR) is a regulated secretion with special characteristics essential for fertilization. The AR relies on the same highly conserved molecules that drive intracellular membrane fusion and exocytosis in all other BMS 753 receptor (see [59] for a recent review). Two

• Thus while there is ample evidence

  2022-10-08

  

  Thus, while there is ample evidence to rule out a generalized blockade of TGF-ß signaling by Hippo pathway activation upon establishment of cell–cell contacts, more recent studies have established that, in specific contexts, Hippo and TGF-ß signaling may either interfere or cooperate with each other

• Myocardial growth and maturation is regulated in part by

  2022-10-08

  

  Myocardial growth and maturation is regulated in part by signals from the underlying endocardium (Brutsaert, 2003, de la Pompa and Epstein, 2012, Rentschler et al., 2010). More generally, endothelial Pyrimethamine play an increasingly appreciated role in instructing organogenesis by providing induct

• Despite efforts over the past decade to shed

  2022-10-04

  

  Despite efforts over the past decade to shed light on the endosomal maturation process and its underlying Rab conversion, the context in which all the involved protein components interact needs to be further elucidated. After defining single components and modules of the machinery important for endo

• Doxycycline HCl br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowl

  2022-10-04

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments This work was funded in part by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, NIDDK award #DK61425 (to PWS). Introduction The efflux of toxic compounds from the cell by multidrug exporters is an important mechanism for cellular homeostasis a

• GW0742 synthesis br Experimental methods br Acknowledgments

  2022-10-04

  

  Experimental methods Acknowledgments We thank all members of the Hermanson lab, especially Ana Teixeira, Shirin Ilkhanizadeh and Karolina Wallenborg, for assistance and discussions, Peter Löw for anti-synaptotagmin antibody, and Lars Björklund, Ole Isacson, Christer Höög, Claes Wahlestedt and

• Imeglimin The role of cell to cell

  2022-10-03

  

  The role of cell-to-cell interactions in coordinating the cells’ behaviour to ensure an appropriate anterior pituitary hormone response is receiving increasing attention. Anterior pituitary Imeglimin interact with neighbouring cells through junctional complexes. As their name implies, the complexed

• br Ferroptosis modulators With the recognition that the

  2022-10-02

  

  Ferroptosis modulators With the recognition that the small molecule erastin targets system xc- and thereby specifically triggers this form of death and that ferrostatin-1 prevents erastin-induced ferroptosis [2], it has become evident that ferroptosis is a druggable pathway with a number of tract

• The PI K AKT pathway is known to

  2022-10-02

  

  The PI3K/AKT pathway is known to affect cell cycle, survival, and apoptosis (Yu et al., 2006; Park et al., 2008). After phosphorylation by AKT, the cytoplasmic apoptotic protein bad (bcl-xl/bcl-2) cannot be transferred to the mitochondria and dissociates from the inhibition protein bcl-2 and bcl-xl,

• br Materials and methods Patients

  2022-10-02

  

  Materials and methods Patients’ charts were reviewed retrospectively, and 165 consecutive patients (82 with cancer and 83 without cancer) who either started edoxaban (Lixiana®, Daiichi-Sankyo, Tokyo, Japan) therapy for the treatment of VTE or were switched from other oral anticoagulants to edoxab

• br Introduction Sister chromatid cohesion is established dur

  2022-10-01

  

  Introduction Sister-chromatid cohesion is established during DNA replication by a ring-shaped cohesin complex consisting of the core subunits Smc1, Smc3, Scc1, and SA1 or SA2, which recruit regulatory subunits Pds5 (Pds5A/B in vertebrates), Wapl, and Sororin to regulate the association of cohesin

• Tamoxifen is still the most frequently

  2022-09-30

  

  Tamoxifen is still the most frequently used selective estrogen receptor mediator (SERM) in premenopausal women suffering from estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast carcinomas [15]. Although this therapy has been proven very successful, about 20–30% of ER+ breast tumors will not respond, or acquire

• Being a facultative intracellular pathogen C pseudotuberculo

  2022-09-30

  

  Being a facultative intracellular pathogen, C. pseudotuberculosis is exposed to oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) reactive environment within macrophages (Nathan and Shiloh, 2000), apart from species endogenously generated by metabolic processes. These molecules interact with D

• br Methods GLUT DS was diagnosed

  2022-09-30

  

  Methods GLUT1DS was diagnosed either when analysis of the SLC2A1 gene showed a pathogenic mutation and/or when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis met the criteria for GLUT1DS: a CSF na+/ca2+ exchanger below the 10th percentile, a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to blood ratio below the 25th percentile

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