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Autophagy is a highly conservative
2022-10-31
Autophagy is a highly conservative intracellular bulk degradation process including three major forms namely microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy and macroautophagy. A large number of evidence has depicted a pivotal role for autophagy in the maintenance of cardiac geometry and contractile fu
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br Acknowledgment br Introduction The yeast Cdc ATPase and
2022-10-31
Acknowledgment Introduction The yeast Cdc48 ATPase and its metazoan ortholog p97 (or VCP) are critical components of many ubiquitin-dependent cellular pathways that require the segregation of individual proteins from binding partners or membranes (for review, see Buchberger, 2013, Meyer and We
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br Materials and methods Bacterial
2022-10-31
Materials and methods Bacterial strains and growth conditions. Escherichia coli TOP10 and E. coli BL21Star (DE3) (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA) were grown at 37 °C in Luria broth (LB) or LB-agar containing kanamycin (50 μg/ml). Bioinformatic analyses. The amino Sumatriptan sequence of Rv2477c was
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maleate australia Congruously our findings of voltage electr
2022-10-31
Congruously, our findings of voltage-electrode-clamping assays indicate that hipN851K mutation mediates partial loss of Na+/K+-ATPase pump currents, also confirming our thesis that hipN851K mutation acts as a hypomorph. As demonstrated here by our external electrical stimulation studies and ECG reco
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Several alterations have been or can be associated to the
2022-10-31
Several alterations have been or can be associated to the decreased tolerance of steatotic liver to I/R injury. Previous studies demonstrated that upregulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UP2) is strictly related to the increase of I/R injury in steatotic liver [4]. UPR induction is c
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l Arginine supplementation was reported to be efficient inef
2022-10-31
l-Arginine supplementation was reported to be efficient, inefficient or toxic in aged patients. The present study does not support our hypothesis that increased tissue arginase activity may account for the ineffectiveness and even the toxicity of l-arginine supplementation in ageing. Indeed, except
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Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have been distin
2022-10-31
Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have been distinguished (Fig. 3): the first category comprises synthetic arginase inhibitors, which have been developed from the substrate l-arginine [35]; and the second category includes inhibitors derived from natural products [36]. The category of synt
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Apelin is a peptide hormone and an
2022-10-31
Apelin is a peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for a G protein-coupled receptor named APJ [7], [8], and apelin and APJ are widely expressed in human organs including hypothalamus, heart, lungs, kidneys, adipose tissue, muscles, and others [9]. Apelin is initially synthesized as a 77-amino-acid
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3902 br Apelin Discovered in apelin was initially identified
2022-10-31
Apelin Discovered in 1998, apelin was initially identified as the sole endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (Tatemoto et al., 1998). Apelin-77 (pre-pro-apelin) is the precursor for various pharmacologically active apelin isoforms (e.g. apelin-12, -13, -17 and 36), and it shares 75–95% sequence
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br Concluding remarks br Definition Prion
2022-10-31
Concluding remarks Definition Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that are caused by an unconventional agent that is neither bacterial nor viral, but is in essence an infectious misfolded amyloidogenic protein, termed a prion (Prusiner, 1982). Once considered highly controvers
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Although the gene that encodes DHFR has been strongly
2022-10-31
Although the gene that encodes DHFR has been strongly conserved during evolution, subtle differences in the active sites of bacterial, human and parasite Bafetinib synthesis have been exploited to develop DHFR inhibitors specific to particular pathogens 1, 3. For example, pyrimethamine and cycloguan
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Spectroscopic techniques are powerful biophysical
2022-10-27
Spectroscopic techniques are powerful biophysical tools used in the study of biomolecular structures, including those of proteins. UV–Vis NVP-LCQ195 spectroscopy makes use of absorption property of the protein peptide backbone at around 218 nm, and aromatic amino acid residues primarily at around 28
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During the year study period of men in the dutasteride
2022-10-27
During the 4-year study period, 19.9% of men in the dutasteride group developed prostate cancer as compared to 25.1% in the placebo group, which represents an absolute risk AY 9944 dihydrochloride australia of 5.1% for men taking dutasteride (P were found in the dutasteride group. The authors of thi
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Demonstration of in vivo efficacy of potential chemopreventi
2022-10-27
Demonstration of in vivo efficacy of potential chemopreventive agents in animal models is necessary for their clinical development. Our present study provides experimental evidence that CuB 0.1μmol by oral administration (for 2weeks before the cancer cell injection, 5days per week) significantly inh
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Transient transfection with ATR kinase dead
2022-10-27
Transient transfection with ATR kinase-dead (D2475→A) [30] and ATM kinase-dead (D2870→Ala and N2875→K) [31] constructs was performed using Fugene 6 (Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis). Three microliters of fugene 6+1μg plasmid was used in transfections using 6-well plates at 2×105 cells/well and a
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